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Representation in International Organizations: Size and Composition of National Delegations
Vlček, Václav ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee) ; Sommerer, Thomas (referee)
In general, states and their governments make decisions in international politics and international organizations. However, the states are, in fact, represented by people. How many and who are they? This dissertation thesis deals with state representation in international organizations. In particular, it studies the size and composition of national delegations to plenary meetings of international organizations. From the theoretical perspective, the thesis builds on rationalist assumptions and tests established theories in the field. As for the causes of the various delegation sizes, the thesis hypothesizes 1) various institutional power, 2) different economic resources, 3) various intensity of national interests, 4) different levels of government effectiveness, and 5) different domestic political regimes. Next, the theoretical framework explains the various delegation composition by 1) different intensity of the national preferences, 2) different levels of government effectiveness, and 3) different domestic political regimes. From the methodological perspective, the thesis builds on an extensive statistical analysis using a unique quantitative dataset across seventeen international organizations and the UN General Assembly sessions from 1993 to 2016. The delegation composition is operationalized in...
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The Evolution of Civilian Protection in UN Peace Missions
Šillerová, Anna ; Pulgret, Miroslav (advisor) ; Makariusová, Radana (referee)
Diploma thesis examines the evolution of the protection of civilians in UN peacekeeping operations. To approach the topic comprehensively, the theoretical part covers the history of the protection of civilians and its normative framework, as well as the conceptualization of UN peacekeeping operations. The main objective of the thesis is to analyze the changes in the approach to the protection of civilians across three generations of UN peacekeeping operations and to identify the key moments of this evolution. It also traces the role of failures in UN peacekeeping operations, the reasons for these failures, and their impact on the mandates of subsequent missions. Mapping the evolution of the protection of civilians relies on the analysis of resolutions and other UN documents, as well as three case studies of key peacekeeping operations: ONUC in Congo, UPROFOR in Bosnia- Herzegovina, and UNAMID in Darfur, Sudan. Missions with a mandate to protect civilians, as a new phenomenon of third-generation peace operations, are also analyzed. Prevailing trends and possible limitations of these mandates are also discussed.
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Principy cirkulární ekonomiky v provozu školy
ČAPKOVÁ, Markéta
The main goal of this diploma thesis is to find out the current regulations and methodologies concerning the circular economy in educational institutions and at the same time to suggest how the operation of a school can introduce the principles of the circular economy into their daily operation. A partial goal is to create a general manual, according to which the schools involved could switch to circular economy by simple steps.
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Predicting Achievement of Selected Sustainable Development Goals
Kamenický, Léon ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Cazachevici, Alina (referee)
Bibliographic note KAMENICKÝ, Léon. Predicting Achievement of Selected Sustainable De- velopment Goals. Prague 2019. 66 pp. Bachelor thesis (Bc.) Charles Uni- versity, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies. Thesis supervisor doc. Ing. Tomáš Cahlík, CSc. Abstract The aim of this thesis is through using the appropriate tools of econometric analysis to identify some of the variables having impact on the development, whether positively or negatively, on selected Sustainable Development Goals. They became part of the agenda in United Nations back in 2015. As the sample used for the analysis contains observations on around 170 countries in a time period from 2000 till 2016, the panel data approach for economet- ric modeling is the most suitable to rely on. There are plenty econometric studies focused on analyzing the SGDs through cross-sectional examples, however only few of them are looking at them from a global perspective. The main findings of the analysis do not include only statistically significant explanatory variables identified. Supported by a concrete example, there is an evidence that some of the goals require more focus on proper data collect- ing on their corresponding indicator. This turns some of them to be hardly measurable and the simple tools of econometric analysis...
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Peace operations within the context of the collective security system
Antoň, Stanislav ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee)
1 Peacekeeping Operations within the System of Collective Security Summary The purpose of this thesis is to provide the reader not only with the basic overview of the formation of the peacekeeping missions and evolution of these missions to present form, but also to introduce him direction of present globalized (or globalizing) world in relation with the future development of international organizations and relations of its member states. The reason of my interest in this topic is my interest in history and what does existence of these organizations mean for our future. Are we stronger because of them or do they lead to more problems than they solve? This thesis is composed from chapters focused on history and organizational structure of international organizations, present state of peacekeeping operations, case studies of chosen peacekeeping operations, Czech Republic's involvement in the international structures and final chapter inspired by the Brahimi report which is focused on technological progress and its effect on present and future of peacekeeping operations and other conflicts. International organizations are global or regional, are distinguished by their focus and reason of their existence. Ideas, on which they are based, often have to give in to new realities of the world. It is not possible to...
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Security Policy of Neutral States After 9/11: Comparison of Selected European Countries
Vlček, Tomáš ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor's thesis compares Switzerland, Austria and Sweden as European neutral states and their activity in security policy. There are two dimensions for the comparison: peacekeeping dimension and counter-terrorism dimension. The time interval begins with the terrorist 9/11 attacks and continues to the present. In peacekeeping dimension the main focus is on contribution of units to peacekeeping missions. In counter-terrorism dimension the main focus is on strategy of global war on terror and strategy of combating terrorism. The result of this thesis is either confirmation or refutation of hypothesis about relationship between attitude to neutrality and activity in security policy. The assumption of this comparative study is that state with codified neutrality which is also mentioned in its foreign-security strategy is less active than state with non-codified neutrality not mentioned in its foreign-security strategy.
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Nobel Peace Prize for European Union: The Analysis of Euroscepticism
Meissner, Jan ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Rovná, Lenka (referee)
The topic of the master thesis is putting together two subjects that always sharply polarize academic, but also political and public debate - euroscepticism and Nobel Peace Prize. Through an analysis of primarily negative debate that followed after awarding Nobel Peace Prize to European Union in 2012 the master thesis is aiming to answer the question to what extent it was the topics typical for euroscepticism that shaped this debate. The paper is operating with a hypothesis that it was this critical phenomenon, typical only for EU, being the main component of the negative debate overshadowing expected criticism with regard to the purpose of the award. For the second hypothesis which anticipates that the topics of euroscepticism make the EU specific laureate is necessary to compare this case with three other international organizations (and their criticism) that were recently awarded with the Nobel Peace Prize. These organizations include Organization for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (laureate in 2013), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) and United Nations (2001). The first chapter introduces the Nobel Peace Prize and its specifications. The topics typical for euroscepticism are generated in the second part through academic debate on both party politics euroscepticism and public...
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The Politics of International Sanctions and their Influence on Economy of Particular Countries - Case of Russia and Iran
Poč, Marek ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Miková, Ivana (referee)
Sanctions are one of the ways in which individual states or the international community can enforce their rights and interests. They can vary from banning travel to boycott and embargo affecting the entire country's economy. The sanctions have recently been practiced primarily by the European Union and the United Nations, and by the United States in case of particular countries. The topic of this work is international sanctions against Russia and Iran. Both countries have been in conflict with the international community in recent years, and both countries were punished. In the case of Iran, there were concerns about the use of the Iranian nuclear program for military purposes, the main objective was to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons. Russia has been the subject of sanctions as a result of violations of international agreements and international law on the basis of the occupation of the Ukrainian Crimea and the development of the military conflict in the East of Ukraine. The thesis describes the reasons, course and impact of sanctions imposed on Iran and Russia, the Iranian and Russian economies and their representatives. At the same time, it seeks to assess the impact of sanctions both in the economic sphere and in terms of changes in the political direction of both countries.
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